The flu is only caused by three influenza viruses:
Influenza A which is responsible for the worldwide pandemics
Influenza B – tends to be common in more localised outbreaks
Influenza C tends to show up as only mild symptoms
Both influenza A and B are responsible for the seasonal outbreaks of the flu contributing too many hospital admissions and deaths related to the flu. As the flu virus (especially Influenza A) is able to easily mutate its form, it is very difficult to treat the influenza virus therefore causing outbreaks to large communities and even worldwide as people are now able to transport easily over the world. Influenza B is a more stable virus so most people after getting the virus can develop immunity to it and this usually occurs in childhood if they have not been vaccinated against it.
Influenza C tends to only present itself as a mild respiratory illness or sometimes shows no symptoms at all. There is no vaccination for influenza C. Most flu reports in the news reports or newspaper are about Influenza A and B.
The flu is a highly contagious disease and more common in the winter months especially as people remain in close proximity to each other while indoors. It tends to be passed by inhaling airborne particles such as coughing and sneezing and then transmitted from person to person. It can also be transferred by coming in contact with secretions such as kissing or hand to hand contact. It can also be transferred on objects such as door knobs, telephones, computer keyboards etc as the virus is capable of living for short periods off the human host. This means that if an infected person coughed or sneezed onto their hand and then touched and object, you are capable of picking up the virus by touching the same object and then touching your eyes, nose or mouth and ingesting the virus.
There is a greater risk of getting infected with the Influenza virus in highly populated places, such as schools. The children become infected with the virus and then bring the virus home to the family. This is then quickly spread throughout the community.
An infected person with the Influenza virus has the virus in their secretions for twenty four hours prior to them feeling unwell or showing signs of the virus which means they can infect others before they are even aware they have the influenza virus. They are contagious for up to seven days. Children with the Influenza virus can be contagious for up to two weeks
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